Economic & Energy Studies

Analytical Insight into the World Bank’s Report on the ‘Middle-Income Trap’

With a combined population of 6 billion, middle-income countries are engaged in a critical race against time. Many of these

Sally Ashour Sally Ashour

Safe Haven: Why Are Central Banks Building Up Their Gold Reserves?

Bassant Gamal looks into the reasons behind the central banks' recent large purchases of gold.

Bassant Gamal Bassant Gamal

Weaponization of Resources: The Role of Rare Earth Metals in the US-China Trade War

Resource weaponization—the strategic use of a country’s control over critical resources to influence global supply chains, demand trends, and pricing—has

Basant Gamal Basant Gamal